Conjunctival chemosis is swelling of the conjunctiva, the clear mucous membrane that covers the white part of the eye. It often looks like a fluid-filled blister on the surface of the eye and can be very bothersome, especially when the swelling is so pronounced that the person cannot fully close the eye.
Although its appearance can be alarming, conjunctival chemosis is not contagious and is usually easy to treat when it is caught in time.
What causes it?
The most common causes include allergies, rubbing the eye, trauma, severe dry eye, bacterial infection, thyroid problems and fluid retention. Some cases of chemosis also appear after eye surgery. It can be mild, moderate or severe.
Symptoms
- Increased volume of the eyelid area
- Edema (swelling) of the conjunctiva
- Irritation
- Pain when moving the eyes
- Excessive tearing
- Double or blurred vision
- Red eyes
- Discharge
- Redness of the eyelids
Symptoms when caused by thyroid problems (Graves’ disease)
- Bulging eyeballs
- Swollen eye muscles
- Pain with eye movement
- Problems affecting the optic nerve
Treatment
The key to treating chemosis is reducing the inflammation, usually with anti-inflammatory eye drops or ointments. In some cases an eye patch or other measures may be recommended. Managing the swelling reduces discomfort and its impact on vision. If the chemosis is caused by an underlying condition, such as a thyroid disorder, that condition also needs to be treated. Occasionally, if the chemosis persists, further surgery may be necessary.
Because chemosis can look similar to other causes of a red or swollen eye, such as conjunctivitis, a subconjunctival hemorrhage, or blunt eye trauma, a proper evaluation is important. Severe dry eye is also a frequent trigger, so it is worth addressing dry eye if you have it.
If you notice swelling, a blister-like bulge or persistent redness in your eye, book an exam at our eye care clinic in Roatán so we can find the cause and treat it early.